MedCat

Darrera modificació: 2019-12-17
Bases de dades: Sciència.cat

Bos, Gerrit, "Medical terminology in the Hebrew tradition: Nathan ben Eliezer ha-Me'ati, Glossary to the Hebrew translation of Ibn Sīnā's Kitāb al-qānūn fī al-ṭibb", Revue des Études Juives, 172/3-4 (2013), 305-321.

Resum

Nathan Ben Eliezer ha-Me'ati was active as a translator of scientific, above all medical works from Arabic into Hebrew in the city of Rome in the last decennia of the thirteenth century. As a translator of medical works Nathan is above all known for his translations of Maimonides' Medical Aphorisms, and of Ibn Sina's Kitab al-Qanun. In order to be able to translate the Kitab al-Qanun into Hebrew—and especially the technical medical vocabulary—Nathan had to solve the same problem that was facing the Tibbonides and other translators, namely that the Hebrew language was lacking the technical medical vocabulary necessary for adequately rendering the medical Arabic terminology. For the creation of a fitting Hebrew terminology Nathan employed the same techniques as the Tibbonides and other translators, namely those of loan translation (calque), semantic borrowing, and of providing the ancient biblical and rabbinic Hebrew terms with a new sense. And for the cases that he was unable to create a new Hebrew term, he took refuge to either transcribing the Arabic term into Hebrew or to giving its equivalent in one of the Romance languages he was familiar with. And in several cases he did not replace the Hebrew term for a Romance equivalent but simply added it to the Hebrew and/or Arabic term in order to prevent a confusion. This is precisely the strategy that Nathan described into detail in his introduction to the glossary that he attached to his translation of Ibn Sina's Kitab al-Qanun. An analysis of the terminology of the glossary of about 300 terms shows that several terms were indeed coined by him on the basis of the Bible and Rabbinic literature. Other terms were possibly coined by himself and feature as the earliest entries in Ben Yehuda's Dictionary with explicit attestations from his translations of the Qanun and/or Medical Aphorisms. Yet other terms were possibly coined by Nathan and do not feature in any dictionary at all.

Matèries

Medicina - Enciclopedisme mèdic
Traduccions
Hebreu
Lèxic

Notes

A la nota 1: "This article is an adapted version of the introduction to the edition of the glossary (see G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the 13th Century, vol. 2, Oxford 2013, pp. 95-108)."

URL

https:/​/​www.academia.edu/​5865885/​Nathan_ha-Me_ati_G ...